A 6-month-old male infant is noted by his mother to be difficult to care for. He is very difficult to feed or soothe, and often responds to cuddling by crying and becoming rigid in his mother‟s arms. Physical examination and laboratory work are all entirely normal. Which of the following psychiatric disorders is this infant at a higher risk to display in his early school years?

A 6-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother, who says the child has been falling behind at school. She notes that the girl did not speak until the age of 4, though her hearing was tested at age 3 and found to be normal. She is friendly at school, but is unable to complete most tasks, even when aided. She is noted to have a very short attention span and occasional temper tantrums at school and at home. She enjoys playing with her toys at home. Which of the following tests would be most helpful m establishing the diagnosis?

A 5-year-old boy is brought to the psychiatrist because he has diffi- :ulty paying attention in school. He fidgets and squirms and will not stay seated in class. It is noted that at home he talks excessively and has difficulty waiting for his turn. His language and motor skills are appropriate for his age. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

In the case described above, what other criteria must be present in order for this diagnosis to be met?

A 13-year-old girl grunts and clears her throat several times in an hour, and her conversation is often interrupted by random shouting. She also performs idiosyncratic, complex motor activities such as turning her head to the right while she shuts her eyes and opens her mouth. She can prevent these movements for brief periods of time, with effort. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for this disorder?

A 5-year-old boy shows no interest in other children and ignores adults other than his parents. He spends hours lining up his toy cars or spinning their wheels but does not use them for “make-believe” play. He rarely uses speech to communicate, and his parents state that he has never done so. Physical examination indicates that his head is of normal circumference and his gait is normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this boy?

A 7-year-old boy is brought to the physician with a 1year history of making careless mistakes and not listening in class and at home. He is easily distracted and forgetful and loses his schoolbooks often. He is noted to be fidgety, talking excessively, and interrupting others. Which of the following medications is most likely to help with this boy‟s symptoms?